Legg-Calve Perthes Disease

AVASCULAR NECROSIS OF THE FEMORAL HEAD

General Information

Avascular necrosis is a disease of the hip joints of miniature and toy breeds of dogs, most often in Poodles, Yorkies, Lakeland terriers, west Highland white terriers, and miniature pinchers just to name a few. It develops between 4 and 12 months of age. The disease causes bone destruction in the hip joint, resulting in a roughened, irregular joint surface. Moving the rear legs causes pain, and the leg muscles weaken and shrink from insufficient use. Occasionally the limbs actually shorten. One or both rear legs may be affected. If only one leg is involved, the dog usually refuses to bear any weight on that limb.

Avascular necrosis is hereditary and probably results from breeding for small body size. This selective breeding produces dogs that mature more rapidly, and the early effects of hormones on the developing hips may cause the disease. Some researchers also believe that injury to the developing hips may cause the condition. If the condition is not treated, the dog may develop severe arthritis in later life.

Clinical signs

Lameness and pain on movement of the affected leg.

Important Points in Treatment

Symptomatic treatment: This is designed to relieve pain and discomfort during recovery in mild cases.